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Friday, 30 May 2014

Most Common Brain Tumors

• Gliomas > Meningiomas > Astrocytomas are the most common type of primary brain tumor in adults. 

• "Meningiomas are diagnosed with increasing frequency as more people undergo neuroimaging studies for various indications. They are now the most common
 primary brain tumor, accounting for approximately 32% of the total."

• Pilocytic astrocytoma (PA; WHO grade 1) is the most common astrocytic tumor of childhood.

• In children, the most common situation is with cerebellar and optic-pathway pilocytic astrocytoma, whereas in adults, this tends to occur most commonly with hypothalamic pilocytic astrocytoma. 

• Tumors of the lining of the spinal cord and nerve roots predominate (50% to 80% of all spinal tumors); schwannomas and meningiomas are most common, followed by ependymomas.

• The most common brainstem tumor is the pontine glioma, which presents most frequently with cranial nerve VI and VII palsies.

• The CNS is the second most common site of malignancy in children behind leukemia, with the majority of tumors located infratentorially.

• Medulloblastomas are the most common posterior fossa tumors in children.

• Medulloblastomas are the most common malignant brain tumor of childhood

• Germinomas are the most common type, accounting for 33% to 50% of pineal tumors. The peak incidence of germ cell tumors is in the second decade, and few present after the third decade. Gliomas are the next most common pineal region tumor.

• Craniopharyngiomas are the most common nonglial brain tumors in children, occurring primarily in the late first and second decades, although they can present at any age.

Spinal Axis Tumours:

• Of the intradural neoplasms, extramedullary schwannomas and meningiomas are the most common. Schwannomas and meningiomas are normally intradural, but occasionally may present as extradural tumors.

• The most common intramedullary tumors are ependymoma and astrocytoma.

• Briefly:
Most Common Spinal Tumor - Metastasis. 
MC Primary Spinal Tumor - Nerve sheath tumor. 
MC Intramedullary tumor - Ependymoma 
MC site of spinal tumors - Extradural 
MC site of primary spinal tumors - Intradural Extramedullary.

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